1 February 1790 A.D. U.S. Supreme Court Meets for 1st
Time
Editors. “1790 – In the Royal Exchange Building on New York City’s Broad Street, the
Supreme Court of the United States meets for the first time, with Chief Justice
John Jay of New York presiding.” History.com. https://thisdayinusmilhist.wordpress.com/2014/02/01/february-1/. N.d. Accessed 31 Jan 2015.
1790 – In the Royal
Exchange Building on New York City’s Broad Street, the Supreme Court of the
United States meets for the first time, with Chief Justice John Jay of New York
presiding. The U.S. Supreme Court was established by Article Three of the
U.S. Constitution, which took effect in March 1789. The Constitution granted
the Supreme Court ultimate jurisdiction over all laws, especially those in
which constitutionality was at issue. The court was also designated to rule on
cases concerning treaties of the United States, foreign diplomats, admiralty
practice, and maritime jurisdiction. In September 1789, the Judiciary Act was
passed, implementing Article Three by providing for six justices who would
serve on the court for life. The same day, President George Washington
appointed John Jay to preside as chief justice, and John Rutledge of South
Carolina, William Cushing of Massachusetts, John Blair of Virginia, Robert
Harrison of Maryland, and James Wilson of Pennsylvania to serve as associate
justices. Two days later, all six appointments were confirmed by the U.S.
Senate. The Supreme Court later grew into arguably the most powerful judicial
body in the world in terms of its central place in the U.S. political order. In
times of constitutional crisis, for better or worse, it always played a definitive
role in resolving the great issues of the time.
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