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December 882 A.D. Hincmar,
Archbishop of Rheims & Councils of Quierzy—Semi-Pelagianizing the Bible
& Augustine; Divine
Foreknowledge; Free Will; Universalism;
Repressor of Gottschalk, the Biblical Predestinarian & Augustinian
Weber,
Nicholas. "Councils of Quierzy." The
Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 12. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12608a.htm. Accessed 29 Oct 2014.
Councils of Quierzy
(Kierzy, Carisiacum)
Several councils were held at Quierzy, a royal residence under the Carlovingians, but now an insignificant village on the Oise in the French Department of Aisne. The synod of September, 838, ordered the monks of Saint Calais in the Diocese of Le Mans to return to their monastery, from which they falsely claimed to have been expelled by their bishop. It also condemned some of the liturgical opinions of Amalarius of Metz. The two succeeding councils, held respectively in 849 and 853, dealt with Gottschalk and his peculiar teaching respecting predestination. The first of these meetings sentenced the recalcitrant monk to corporal castigation, deposition from the priestly office and imprisonment; his books were to be burned. At the second synod the famous four decrees or chapters (Capitula) drawn up by Hincmar on the predestination question were published. They asserted:
- the predestination of some to salvation, and, in consequence of Divine foreknowledge, the doom of others to everlasting punishment;
- the remedy for the evil tendencies of free will through grace;
- the Divine intention of saving all men;
- the fact of universal redemption.
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The council held in February, 857, aimed at suppressing
the disorders then so prevalent in the kingdom of Charles the Bald. The synod
of 858 was attended by the bishops who
remained loyal to Charles the Bald during the invasion of his dominions by
Louis the German. It addressed a firm but conciliatory letter to the invader
stating its attitude towards him for the intentions which he expressed, but
which his actions belied.
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